3/30/2023 0 Comments Starters orders 6 fast forwardThe colonies thought a united defence force could better protect Australia. People feared the colonies could be vulnerable to attack from other nations with larger populations and military forces. Each colony had its own militia consisting of a small permanent force and volunteers, but they all relied on the British navy to periodically patrol the Australian coastline. Prior to Federation, the colonies were ill-equipped to defend themselves. They argued abolishing tariffs and creating a single market would strengthen the economy of each colony. Free traders were among the most vocal supporters of Federation. Trade restrictions also made travelling between colonies difficult the train journey between Melbourne and Sydney was delayed at the border in Albury while customs officials searched passengers' luggage. Tariffs increased the cost of goods and made it hard for manufacturers based outside a colony to compete with local producers. While tariffs provided the colonial governments with much revenue, they restricted trade and movement between the colonies. Sir Robert Garran, who was active in the Federation movement, later reflected that the colonies were united by a combination of 'fear, national sentiment and self-interest'. The colonies had even built railways using different gauges, which complicated the transport of people and goods across the continent.īy the 1880s the inefficiency of this system, a growing unity among colonists and a belief that a national government was needed to deal with issues such as trade, defence and immigration saw popular support for Federation grow. The colonies were almost like 6 separate countries for example, each had its own government and laws, its own defence force, issued its own stamps and collected tariffs – taxes – on goods that crossed its borders. By the late 1800s, these colonies had their own parliaments but were still subject to the law-making power of the British Parliament. From the late 1700s, British colonies were established. Reasons for Federationįor at least 50 000 years, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have lived on these lands and practiced traditional cultures and languages. In 1877 an intercolonial cricket team represented Australia in the first test match against EnglandĪustralia became a nation on 1 January 1901 when 6 British colonies-New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania-united to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Printed at the bottom is: 'Combine Aust! Umpire Punch: "You've done jolly well by combination in cricket field, and now you're going to federate at home. They are printed with 'New South Wales', 'Queensland' and 'Victoria'. The kangaroos wear blue and white stiped jackets with a yellow waist band. In the cente of a ring of kangaroos stands a lion wearing a green jacket and carrying a cricket bat.
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